New Grodno Castle, Hrodna

The palace occupies a principal block with two lateral wings that together form a closed or partly closed courtyard, a layout variously described as P‑shaped, U‑shaped or horseshoe. A causeway once crossed a defensive ditch to link the New and Old castles. The original ensemble was executed in baroque taste with rococo detailing; mid‑twentieth‑century rebuilding imposed a neoclassical, socialist‑realist façade, most visible in a six‑column Doric portico and a circular tower with a tall spire added after the war. Archaeological trenches on the plateau have exposed medieval brick plinth construction and recovered material dating to the twelfth century; these earlier masonry remains survive in fragmentary condition beneath the later palace levels.

The great chapel attached to the rear wing, built in the second half of the eighteenth century, measured roughly 19 by 11 metres internally and was richly carved in rococo stone with painted ceilings and sculptural niches; it was reported destroyed in 1840 in one source and its liturgical fittings have been lost or dispersed. Measured plans record principal ceremonial interiors: a two‑storey Senatorial Hall of about 21 by 11 metres with an upper gallery, an Ambassador Hall of roughly 20 by 11 metres and an Oval Hall used for royal receptions. The right wing contained rooms in enfilade facing the river; original decoration included gilded wall panels, stucco, paintings and heraldic shields, but much of the internal scheme was removed or destroyed over time.

The main entrance comprised gate piers flanked by two small pavilions and guarded by stone sphinx figures that survive. Pillars and pilons were ornamented with martial sculpture and decorative urns, and a baroque heraldic cartouche removed in 1858 was returned to the site in 2013. A large rectangular stable complex of more than 8,000 square metres formerly stood nearby; fragments of the service range survive in the townscape: the royal carriage house at Zamkovaya 18 retains earlier arched openings, a fligel at Zamkovaya 19 preserves much of its exterior, and the building at Zamkovaya 17 shows extensive rebuilding. Recent discoveries of carved fragments, including the 2015 sun motif, complement the architectural remains now kept at the castle.